Rhodonite

Rhodonite is a manganese silicate mineral famous for its beautiful rose-pink to deep red color, which is often contrasted by dark, branching veins of black manganese oxide. The name comes from the Greek word 'rhodos', meaning rose. It is a popular ornamental stone and is often associated with emotional healing and balance in folklore.

Formation & Geology

Rhodonite typically forms in manganese-rich metamorphic rocks, often associated with other manganese minerals like rhodochrosite. It can also occur in hydrothermal veins. The distinctive black veins are caused by the oxidation of the manganese within the stone when exposed to air and water during its formation near the surface.

Physical Characteristics

Rhodonite is relatively hard (5.5-6.5 on the Mohs scale), making it durable for ornamental use. It has two directions of perfect cleavage, although these are rarely seen in the massive (compact) form used for carving. It has a vitreous to pearly luster and a white streak. While its pink color is iconic, weather-worn specimens can appear dark brown or black due to surface oxidation.

Industrial & Historical Use

While primarily used as an ornamental stone and gemstone, rhodonite has sometimes been used as a minor ore of manganese. It was once highly popular in Russia, where it was used to decorate the interiors of royal palaces and for carving large, elaborate vases and sarcophagi. Since 1979, it has been the state gem of Massachusetts, USA.